Jungian Archetypes
The popular 12-archetype personality framework (Hero, Sage, Creator, and others), based on Carol Pearson's model rather than Carl Jung's own writing directly.
Carl Jung described archetypes as universal, recurring patterns in the human unconscious, ideas like the Shadow, the Self, and the Anima/Animus, discussed mostly in dense theoretical terms rather than as a scored personality test. The 12-archetype quizzes people find online today (Hero, Sage, Creator, Ruler, and so on) come from a later, more applied source.
That 12-archetype system was built by Carol Pearson, most fully in her books "Awakening the Heroes Within" and "The Hero and the Outlaw" (with Margaret Mark). Pearson's model, later formalized as the Pearson-Marr Archetype Indicator, adapts Jung's broader ideas into a practical, story-based framework, it isn't a direct transcription of Jung's own theory.
This is a different instrument from our own 16 Types Test, which measures four Jungian-inspired dichotomies rather than archetypal roles.